{"id":1661,"date":"2023-10-16T16:47:31","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T08:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/?p=1661"},"modified":"2023-10-23T12:56:31","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T04:56:31","slug":"introduction-to-the-specifications-and-models-of-the-casing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/introduction-to-the-specifications-and-models-of-the-casing\/","title":{"rendered":"Pengenalan kepada spesifikasi dan model selongsong"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/introduction-to-the-specifications-and-models-of-the-casing\/#Meneroka_Pelbagai_Jenis_Spesifikasi_dan_model_Selongsong\" title=\"Meneroka Pelbagai Jenis Spesifikasi dan model Selongsong\">Meneroka Pelbagai Jenis Spesifikasi dan model Selongsong<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/introduction-to-the-specifications-and-models-of-the-casing\/#Memahami_Faedah_Menggunakan_Spesifikasi_dan_Model_Casing_dalam_Projek_Anda\" title=\"Memahami Faedah Menggunakan Spesifikasi dan Model Casing dalam Projek Anda\">Memahami Faedah Menggunakan Spesifikasi dan Model Casing dalam Projek Anda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"wpaicg-exploring-the-different-types-of-casing-specifications-and-models\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meneroka_Pelbagai_Jenis_Spesifikasi_dan_model_Selongsong\"><\/span>Meneroka Pelbagai Jenis Spesifikasi dan <a href=\"\/tag\/model\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>model<\/strong><\/a> Selongsong<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\nSelongsong ialah komponen kritikal mana-mana lubang telaga, memberikan integriti struktur dan menghalang kemasukan cecair. Terdapat beberapa jenis spesifikasi dan model selongsong yang tersedia, setiap satu dengan ciri dan aplikasi uniknya sendiri.<\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/TDIHOC0RPHI5880LX.jpg\" alt=\"alt-361\" class=\"wp-image-361\" id=\"i361\" \/><br \/>\n<a href=\"\/tag\/api-casing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/api-casing-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> <a href=\"\/tag\/casing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/casing-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Casing<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> ialah jenis selongsong yang paling biasa digunakan dalam telaga minyak dan <a href=\"\/tag\/gas\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/gas-4\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Gas<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a>. Ia dihasilkan untuk memenuhi piawaian yang ditetapkan oleh Institut Petroleum Amerika (API). Selongsong API tersedia dalam pelbagai saiz dan gred, termasuk H40, <a href=\"\/tag\/j55\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>J55<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/k55\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>K55<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/n80\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>N80<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/l80\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/l80-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>l80<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/c90\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>C90<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/t95\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>T95<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/p110\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>P110<\/strong><\/a> dan <a href=\"\/tag\/q125\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Q125<\/strong><\/a>.<br \/>\nSelongsong Premium ialah sejenis selongsong yang direka bentuk untuk memberikan prestasi unggul dalam lubang telaga yang mencabar syarat. Ia biasanya diperbuat daripada keluli gred tinggi dan boleh didapati dalam pelbagai saiz dan gred.<br \/>\nSelongsong Boleh Dibesarkan ialah sejenis selongsong yang direka bentuk untuk mengembang apabila ia dilarikan ke dalam lubang telaga. Selongsong jenis ini sering digunakan dalam telaga mendatar dan boleh digunakan untuk mengurangkan jumlah selongsong yang diperlukan.<br \/>\nSelongsong lubang kecil ialah sejenis selongsong yang direka bentuk untuk digunakan dalam telaga lubang kecil. Ia biasanya diperbuat daripada keluli gred tinggi dan tersedia dalam pelbagai saiz dan gred.<br \/>\nAksesori Selongsong ialah komponen yang digunakan untuk mengunci selongsong dalam lubang telaga. Ini termasuk pemusat, peralatan apungan dan alat penyimenan.<br \/>\nModel selongsong digunakan untuk meramalkan kelakuan selongsong dalam lubang telaga. Model-model ini digunakan untuk menentukan reka bentuk selongsong optimum dan untuk memastikan selongsong akan berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"wpaicg-understanding-the-benefits-of-using-casing-specifications-and-models-in-your-projects\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Memahami_Faedah_Menggunakan_Spesifikasi_dan_Model_Casing_dalam_Projek_Anda\"><\/span>Memahami Faedah Menggunakan Spesifikasi dan Model Casing dalam Projek Anda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\nSpesifikasi dan model selongsong adalah alat penting untuk sebarang projek. Mereka menyediakan gambaran keseluruhan yang komprehensif tentang keperluan projek dan membantu memastikan projek disiapkan tepat pada masanya dan mengikut bajet. Spesifikasi dan model sarung menyediakan penerangan terperinci tentang skop, objektif dan garis masa projek, serta bahan dan proses yang diperlukan untuk menyiapkan projek. Mereka juga menyediakan rangka kerja untuk komunikasi antara pasukan projek dan pihak berkepentingan, membantu memastikan semua orang berada di halaman yang sama. Dengan menggunakan spesifikasi dan model selongsong, pasukan projek boleh memastikan semua aspek projek diambil kira dengan betul dan projek disiapkan tepat pada masanya dan kos efektif.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"10\"><strong>Keperluan Tegangan dan Kekerasan<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\"><strong>Gred<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Kekuatan Hasil MPa<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Tegangan <\/strong><strong>Kekuatan<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Kekerasan <\/strong>a,c<strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Ketebalan Dinding Ditentukan<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Kekerasan Yang Dibenarkan <\/strong><strong>Variasi <\/strong>b<strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Jenis<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Jumlah Pemanjangan Di Bawah Beban<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>min MPa<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>maks<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td><strong>min<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>maks<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td><strong>HRC<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>HBW<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>mm<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>HRC<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>4<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>5<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>6<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>7<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>8<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>9<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>10<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H40<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>276<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>414<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>J55<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>379<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>517<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>K55<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>379<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N80<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>758<\/td>\n<td>689<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N80<\/td>\n<td>Q<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>758<\/td>\n<td>689<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>R95<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>758<\/td>\n<td>724<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L80 L80<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>241<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L80<\/td>\n<td>9Cr 13Cr<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>241<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>0.5<\/td>\n<td>552<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>655<\/td>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>241<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">C90<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">0.5<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">621<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">724<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">689<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">25.4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">255<\/td>\n<td> 12.70<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12.71 hingga 19.04<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19.05 hingga 25.39<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u00a025.40<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">T95<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">0.5<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">655<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">758<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">724<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">25.4<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">255<\/td>\n<td> 12.70<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12.71 hingga 19.04<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19.05 hingga 25.39<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u00a025.40<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">C110<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\"> <\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">0.7<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">758<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">828<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">793<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">30<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">286<\/td>\n<td> 12.70<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12.71 hingga 19.04<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19.05 hingga 25.39<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u00a025.40<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>P110<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td>0.6<\/td>\n<td>758<\/td>\n<td>965<\/td>\n<td>862<\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<td> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">Q125<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">1<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">0.65<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">862<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">1034<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">931<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">b<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\"> <\/td>\n<td> 12.70<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12.71 hingga 19.04 19.05<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"10\">a Sekiranya berlaku pertikaian, ujian kekerasan makmal Rockwell C hendaklah digunakan sebagai kaedah pengadil.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"10\">b Tiada had kekerasan dinyatakan, tetapi variasi maksimum dihadkan sebagai kawalan pembuatan mengikut 7.8 dan 7.9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"10\">c Untuk ujian kekerasan melalui dinding Gred L80 (semua jenis), C90, T95 dan C110, keperluan yang dinyatakan dalam skala HRC adalah untuk nombor purata kekerasan maksimum.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meneroka Pelbagai Jenis Spesifikasi dan <a href=\"\/tag\/model\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>model<\/strong><\/a> Selongsong Selongsong ialah komponen kritikal mana-mana lubang telaga, memberikan integriti struktur dan menghalang kemasukan cecair. Terdapat&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1482,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[198,195,200,192,184],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"ms","enabled_languages":["en","zh","es","hi","ar","bn","pt","ms","de","id","ru","ja","fr","it","ko","tr","sw"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"bn":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ms":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sw":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1661"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2264,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1661\/revisions\/2264"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casingtube.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}