Abstract: Pamoja na maendeleo endelevu ya teknolojia ya majimaji, jinsi ya kuchagua, kuchakata na kusakinisha kwa usahihi mabomba ya chuma ili kuhakikisha ufanisi wa nishati, kutegemewa na uendeshaji wa maisha marefu wa mfumo wa majimaji imekuwa suala muhimu kwa wabunifu wa mfumo wa majimaji. Makala hii inajadili kwa undani uteuzi, usindikaji na ufungaji wa mabomba ya chuma ya majimaji.

Utangulizi:


Pamoja na maendeleo ya teknolojia ya majimaji, uteuzi sahihi, uchakataji na mpangilio wa mabomba ya chuma-hydraulic ili kufanya mfumo wa majimaji kutumia nishati zaidi, kutegemewa na kuwa na maisha marefu ya huduma imekuwa lengo la wabunifu wa mfumo wa majimaji. Makala haya yanalenga kuchunguza masuala yanayohusiana ya uteuzi, usindikaji na ufungaji wa mabomba ya chuma cha majimaji.



II. Uchaguzi wa bomba:


Uteuzi wa mabomba unapaswa kutegemea vipengele kama vile shinikizo la mfumo, kasi ya mtiririko na hali ya matumizi. Mabomba ya chuma yaliyochaguliwa yanapaswa kuwa na nguvu za kutosha, na unene wa kipenyo na ukuta unapaswa kukidhi mahitaji ya mfumo. Wakati huo huo, ukuta wa ndani wa bomba la chuma unapaswa kuwa laini, bila kutu, kiwango cha oksidi na safu iliyofunikwa. Katika mifumo ya shinikizo la kati na la juu, mabomba ya chuma imefumwa hutumiwa sana kutokana na nguvu zao za juu, bei ya chini na utambuzi rahisi wa uunganisho usio na uvujaji. Kwa mifumo ya kawaida ya majimaji, cIII. Usindikaji wa Bomba:

Kupinda kwa bomba kunapaswa kufanywa kwa mashine ya kukunja ya mitambo au ya majimaji. Kwa ujumla, mabomba yenye kipenyo cha 38mm na chini yan APIgwa kwa hali ya baridi kwa kutumia mashine ya kupiga, ambayo inaweza kuepuka uzalishaji wa kiwango cha oksidi na kuathiri ubora wa bomba. Wakati wa kupiga, tahadhari inapaswa kulipwa kwa radius ya kupiga. Kipenyo kidogo sana cha kupinda kinaweza kusababisha mkusanyiko wa dhiki kwenye bomba na kupunguza uimara wa bomba. Mkengeuko wa pembe ya kupinda haupaswi kuzidi ±1.5mm/m.


Ulehemu wa bomba kwa ujumla huwa na hatua tatu
IV. Ufungaji wa bomba:


Ulazaji wa bomba: Ulazaji wa mabomba unapaswa kufuata kanuni zifuatazo:
  • Mabomba yanapaswa kupangwa kwa usawa au wima iwezekanavyo, kwa kuzingatia kuwa nadhifu na thabiti, kuepuka makutano ya bomba.
  • Umbali kati ya kuta za bomba za mirija miwili inayofanana au inayokatiza lazima idumishwe kwa kiwango fulani.
  • Mabomba ya kipenyo kikubwa au mabomba karibu na mabano ya mabomba yapewe kipaumbele.

    • Mabomba yaliyounganishwa kwenye viambatanisho vya bomba lazima ziwe mirija iliyonyooka, na mhimili wa bomba moja kwa moja ulandane na mhimili wa kuweka bomba au flange, na urefu unapaswa kuwa mkubwa kuliko au sawa na kipenyo mara 2.


    Unapoweka kundi la mabomba, bend ya 90° au 45° kwa ujumla hutumiwa kwenye kona.
    Nafasi au usakinishaji wa mabomba na viunga lazima kuwezesha uunganisho na matengenezo ya mabomba, na mabomba yasipitishwe moja kwa moja kwenye viunga.


    Kabla ya usakinishaji wa bomba, ulinzi wote wa bomba haupaswi kuondolewa mapema, vinginevyo utachafua bomba.
    1. Hitimisho:
    2. Mfumo wa majimaji unajumuisha vijenzi mbalimbali vya majimaji vilivyounganishwa kupitia mabomba, viunga vya mabomba na vijia vya kupitishia mafuta. Katika mabadiliko ya vifaa vya majimaji, uteuzi, usindikaji na ufungaji wa mabomba ya chuma cha majimaji ni viungo muhimu sana. Kujua njia hizi kwa usahihi kutasaidia kuleta utulivu wa operesheni
    3. ya mfumo wa majimaji.
    4. The Pipes connected to pipe fittings or flanges must be straight pipes, and the axis of the straight pipe should coincide with the axis of the pipe fitting or flange, and the Length should be greater than or equal to 2 times the Diameter.
    5. The distance between the outer wall of the pipe and the adjacent pipe, and the edge of the fitting should not be less than 10mm; the flanges or Hose Connections of adjacent pipes on the same row should be staggered by more than 100mm; the joints of pipelines should be more than 0.8m away from the wall.
    6. When laying a group of pipelines, a 90° or 45° bend is generally used at the corner.
    7. The entire pipeline should be as short as possible, with fewer bends and Smooth transitions to reduce up and down bends and ensure that the pipeline has appropriate thermal expansion and contraction space. At the same time, the length of the pipeline should allow free removal and installation of fittings and accessories without affecting other pipelines.
    8. The position or installation of piping and fittings should facilitate the connection and Maintenance of pipes, and piping should not be directly welded to supports.
    9. Before piping installation, all piping protection should not be removed in advance, otherwise it will contaminate the piping.

    Conclusion:


    The hydraulic system is composed of various hydraulic components connected through pipelines, pipe fittings and Oil passages blocks. In the transformation of hydraulic equipment, the selection, processing and installation of hydraulic Steel Pipes are very important links. Correctly mastering these methods will help to stabilize the operation of the hydraulic system.

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